The basic processes of farming are plowing, fertilization, irrigation, and pest control. Modern agricultural methods have replaced traditional methods in much of the world.
Fertile sol is soil that can support the growth of healthy plants. Soil conservation methods are important for protecting and managing topsoil and reducing erosion.
Pests cause considerable crop damage. The use of pesticides has both positive and negative effects on the environment. Integrated pest management can minimize the use of chemical pesticides.
Genetic engineering is the process of transferring genes from one organism to another. Plants that result from genetic engineering are called genetically modified plants.